within

Scopes all subsequent cy commands to within this element. Useful when working within a particular group of elements such as a <form>.

Syntax

.within(callbackFn)
.within(options, callbackFn)

Usage

Correct Usage

cy.get('.list').within(($list) => {}) // Yield the `.list` and scope all commands within it

Incorrect Usage

cy.within(() => {}) // Errors, cannot be chained off 'cy'
cy.getCookies().within(() => {}) // Errors, 'getCookies' does not yield DOM element

Arguments

callbackFn (Function)

Pass a function that takes the current yielded subject as its first argument.

options (Object)

Pass in an options object to change the default behavior of .within().

Option	Default	Description
`log`	`true`	Displays the command in the Command log

Yields

.within() yields the same subject it was given from the previous command.

Trying to return a different element the .within callback have no effect:

<div id="within-yields">
  The parent div
  <div class="some-child">Child element</div>
</div>

cy.get('#within-yields')
  .within(() => {
    // we are trying to return something
    // from the .within callback,
    // but it won't have any effect
    return cy.contains('Child element').should('have.class', 'some-child')
  })
  .should('have.id', 'within-yields')

Similarly, trying to change the subject by using the cy.wrap command inside the .within callback have no effect:

<div id="wrap-inside-within">
  The parent div
  <div class="some-child">Child element</div>
</div>

cy.get('#wrap-inside-within')
  .within(() => {
    // returning cy.wrap(...) has no effect on the yielded value
    // it will still be the original parent DOM element
    return cy.wrap('a new value')
  })
  .should('have.id', 'wrap-inside-within')

Examples

Forms

Get inputs within a form and submit the form

<form>
  <input name="email" type="email" />
  <input name="password" type="password" />
  <button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>

cy.get('form').within(($form) => {
  // you have access to the found form via
  // the jQuery object $form if you need it

  // cy.get() will only search for elements within form,
  // not within the entire document
  cy.get('input[name="email"]').type('john.doe@email.com')
  cy.get('input[name="password"]').type('password')
  cy.root().submit()
})

Tables

Find row with specific cell and confirm other cells in the row

<table>
  <tr>
    <td>My first client</td>
    <td>My first project</td>
    <td>0</td>
    <td>Active</td>
    <td><button>Edit</button></td>
  </tr>
</table>

cy.contains('My first client')
  .parent('tr')
  .within(() => {
    // all searches are automatically rooted to the found tr element
    cy.get('td').eq(1).contains('My first project')
    cy.get('td').eq(2).contains('0')
    cy.get('td').eq(3).contains('Active')
    cy.get('td').eq(4).contains('button', 'Edit').click()
  })

Temporarily escape

You can temporarily escape the .within context by starting a new command chain with cy.root followed by .closest commands.

<section class="example">
  <!-- note the input field outside the form -->
  <input id="name" type="text" />
  <form>
    <input name="email" type="email" />
    <input name="password" type="password" />
    <button type="submit">Login</button>
  </form>
</section>

cy.get('form').within(($form) => {
  // temporarily escape the .within context
  cy.root().closest('.example').find('#name').type('Joe')
  // continue using the .within context
  cy.get('input[name="email"]').type('john.doe@email.com')
  cy.get('input[name="password"]').type('password')
  cy.root().submit()
})

Rules

Requirements

.within() requires being chained off a previous command.

Assertions

.within() will only run assertions you have chained once, and will not retry .

Timeouts

.within() cannot time out.

Command Log

Get the input within the form

cy.get('.query-form').within((el) => {
  cy.get('input:first')
})

The commands above will display in the Command Log as:

When clicking on the within command within the command log, the console outputs the following:

History

Version	Changes
< 0.3.3	`.within()` command added
5.4.0	fixed the yielded value to always be the parent element